Millivolts to Volts Converter

Enter the voltage in millivolts:

A Millivolts to Volts (mV to V) converter is a fundamental tool for converting small electrical measurements into standard voltage units. This conversion is essential across electronics, medical devices, and industrial systems where precise low-voltage measurements are required.

Unit Definitions

Millivolt (mV)

• 1 mV = 0.001 V (10⁻³ V)

• Common applications:

  • Biomedical signals (ECG, EEG)

  • Sensor outputs (temperature, pressure)

  • Audio signal levels

  • Battery monitoring

Volt (V)

• SI base unit of electrical potential

• 1V = potential moving 1 coulomb with 1 joule

• Standard references:

  • USB power: 5V

  • Car battery: 12V

  • Household outlet: 120V/230V

Conversion Formula

$$\text{Volts (V)}=\frac{\text{Millivolts (mV)}}{1,000}$$

Alternative expressions:

• V = mV × 0.001

• V = mV × 10⁻³

Conversion Process

1. Obtain measurement in millivolts

2. Divide by 1,000 (or multiply by 0.001)

3. Express result in volts

Example:

$$500\text{ mV}÷1,000=0.5\text{ V}$$

Conversion Table

Millivolts (mV)	Volts (V)	Common Application
1	0.001	Precision sensor output
10	0.01	Thermocouple measurement
100	0.1	ECG signal component
500	0.5	Audio line level
1,000	1.0	Reference voltage
2,500	2.5	Sensor full-scale output
5,000	5.0	USB voltage equivalent

Practical Applications

Medical Devices

• ECG waveforms (0.5-5mV)

• EEG signals (0.001-0.1mV)

• Pulse oximetry signals

Industrial Systems

• 4-20mA current loops (1-5V equivalent)

• Load cell outputs (typically 0-20mV/V)

• RTD temperature sensors

Consumer Electronics

• Microphone signal levels (1-10mV)

• Battery voltage monitoring

• Touchscreen sensor readings

Measurement Techniques

1. Multimeter Selection:

   • Standard DMMs typically resolve 0.1mV

   • Precision meters resolve 1μV

2. Connection Methods:

   • 4-wire Kelvin for <10mV measurements

   • Shielded cables for noise reduction

3. Signal Conditioning:

   • Instrumentation amplifiers

   • Analog filters

   • Proper grounding

Common Error Sources

1. Lead Resistance: Significant for <10mV measurements

2. Thermal EMF: ~40μV/°C per dissimilar metal junction

3. Electromagnetic Interference: Especially in unshielded setups

4. Ground Loops: Can introduce mV-level errors

Conversion Examples

Example 1: Convert 25mV to volts

$$25÷1,000=0.025\text{ V}$$

Example 2: Temperature sensor outputs 12.5mV. Express in volts

$$12.5÷1,000=0.0125\text{ V}$$