Time Of Death Calculator

Forensic Time of Death Calculator

Estimate time of death using various forensic methods

Livor Mortis

Rigor Mortis

Algor Mortis

Livor Mortis Stage Select stage Not present (0-1 hours) Beginning (1-2 hours) Confluent (2-4 hours) Fixed (8-12 hours) Advanced fixed (12+ hours)

Livor Mortis Color Select color Normal (red-purple) Pink (carbon monoxide poisoning, cold) Dark (hypoxia, cyanide poisoning) Brown (methemoglobinemia)

About Livor Mortis

Livor mortis (postmortem hypostasis) refers to the pooling of blood in the dependent parts of the body after death due to gravity. The color can indicate certain conditions, and the fixation (whether it blanches with pressure) helps estimate time since death.

Rigor Mortis Stage Select stage Not present (0-2 hours) Beginning (2-6 hours) Moderate (6-12 hours) Complete (12-24 hours) Resolving (24-36 hours) Complete resolution (36+ hours)

Location of Rigor Select location Eyelids and jaw (early stage) Face and neck (developing) Upper extremities (moderate) Lower extremities (complete) Generalized (complete)

Ambient Temperature (°F)

About Rigor Mortis

Rigor mortis is the postmortem stiffening of muscles due to chemical changes. It typically begins in small muscles (eyelids, jaw) and progresses to larger muscles. The process is affected by temperature (faster in warm conditions) and physical activity before death.

Current Body Temperature (°F)

Ambient Temperature (°F)

Body Weight (lbs)

Clothing/Insulation Naked Light clothing Normal clothing Heavy clothing Multiple layers

About Algor Mortis

Algor mortis refers to the cooling of the body after death. The rate of cooling depends on the temperature difference between the body and environment, body size (larger bodies cool slower), clothing, and environmental conditions (wind, water, etc.).

Estimated Time of Death

Unknown

The estimated time since death based on the provided parameters.

This tool provides estimates based on forensic science principles. Actual time of death may vary based on numerous factors.

For forensic use only. Not a substitute for professional medical examination.

A Time of Death Calculator (or Postmortem Interval Estimator) uses forensic indicators to approximate how long a person has been deceased. This tool is primarily used in forensic science, medical investigations, and crime scene analysis.

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How It Works

Forensic experts evaluate multiple factors to estimate the Postmortem Interval (PMI):

1. Body Temperature (Algor Mortis)

• The body cools at ~1.5°F (0.83°C) per hour (varies by environment).

• Formula:

  $$\text{PMI (hours)}\approx \frac{\text{Normal Body Temp (98.6°F)}-\text{Current Body Temp}}{1.5}$$

2. Rigor Mortis (Muscle Stiffening)

Stage	Time After Death
Begins	2–6 hours
Full stiffness	12 hours
Disappears	24–48 hours

3. Livor Mortis (Blood Pooling)

• Starts 20–30 mins after death, fixed after 8–12 hours.

4. Decomposition Stages

Stage	Timeframe
Fresh	0–3 days
Bloating	3–5 days
Active decay	5–11 days
Advanced decay	Weeks–months

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Limitations

⚠ Environmental Factors (Heat/cold slows/speeds decomposition)
⚠ Body Size/Clothing (Affects cooling rate)
⚠ Insect Activity (Forensic entomology refines estimates)

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Forensic Tools Used

• Henssge Nomogram (Adjusts for ambient temp)

• Insects (Entomology) – Blowfly larvae help pinpoint PMI.

(Note: Only forensic experts can determine accurate TOD—this is a simplified guide.)

Example:
"A body found at 20°C (68°F) with a liver temp of 28°C (82.4°F). Estimate PMI."
→ ~12–18 hours (depending on conditions).

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